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Black Phosphorus Cytotoxicity Assessments Pitfalls: Advantages and Disadvantages of Metabolic and Morphological Assays

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FOJTŮ Michaela BALVAN Jan RAUDENSKÁ Martina VIČAR Tomáš BOUSA Daniel SOFER Zdeněk MASAŘÍK Michal PUMERA Martin

Rok publikování 2019
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj Chemistry - A European Journal
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Lékařská fakulta

Citace
www http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201804434
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201804434
Klíčová slova 2D nanomaterials; black phosphorus; cytotoxicity; holographic microscopy; interference; nanoparticles; viability
Popis Black phosphorus (BP) belongs to a group of 2D nanomaterials and nowadays attracts constantly increasing attention. Parallel to the growing utilization of BP nanomaterial increase also the requirements for the thorough comprehension of its potential impact on human and animal health. The aim of this study was to compare and discuss five assays commonly used for the cytotoxicity assessments of nanomaterials with a special focus on BP nanoparticles. A comprehensive survey of factors and pitfalls is provided that should be accounted for when assessing their toxicity and pointed to their inconsistency. BP might introduce various levels of interference during toxicity assessments depending on its concentration applied. More importantly, the BP toxicity evaluation was found to be influenced by the nature of assay chosen. These are based on different principles and do not have to assess all the cellular events equally. A commercial assay based on the measurement of protease activity was identified to be the most suitable for the BP toxicity assessment. Further, the benefit of time-lapse quantitative phase imaging for nanomaterial toxicity evaluation was highlighted. Unlike the conventional assessments it provides real-time analysis of the processes accompanying BP administration and enables to understand them deeper and in the context.
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