Publication details
Physical Fitness and the Level of Pain Intensity in Adolescents: A School-based Study
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2019 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Web | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/13/2410 |
| Doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132410 |
| Keywords | secondary-school students; fitness; pain; associations |
| Description | Background: The main aim of the study was to explore the association between objectively measured physical fitness and the level of pain intensity. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 1036 adolescents (mage ± SD = 16.3 ± 1.1 years; m(height) ± SD = 1.74 ± 0.1 m; m(weight) ± SD = 64.7 ± 12.4 kg; m(body-mass index) ± SD = 21.3 ± 3.0 kg/m2) from 11 secondary schools located in the city of Zagreb (Croatia). Physical fitness was determined by using waist circumference, sit-ups in 1 min, standing long jump and sit-and-reach tests. Overall physical fitness index was calculated by summing the z-score values of each physical fitness test. The level of pain intensity was assessed with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, a one-dimensional measure of pain intensity. Associations were calculated with correlation analyses. Results: In boys, pain intensity was associated with sit-ups in 1 min (r = –0.16, p < 0.001), standing long jump (r = –0.14, p = 0.003) and overall physical fitness index (r = –0.13, p = 0.004), while no significant associations with waist circumference (r = 0.04, p = 0.438) and sit-and-reach test (r = –0.01, p = 0.822) were observed. In girls, pain intensity was associated with standing long jump (r = –0.17, p < 0.001) and overall physical fitness index (r = –0.10, p = 0.018), while no significant associations with waist circumference (r = 0.01, p = 0.735), sit-ups in 1 min (r = –0.06, p = 0.126) and sit-and-reach test (r = –0.05, p = 0.232) were observed. When we adjusted for self-rated health, sleep duration, smoking status, alcohol consumption, screen-time, and psychological distress, similar associations remained. Conclusions: Our study shows a weak association between physical fitness and pain intensity in a large sample of adolescents. Although a cross-sectional design, health-professionals should use physical fitness as a screening tool to assess the level of pain intensity. |