Publication details
Enhanced toxicity of bisphenol F compared to its predecessor bisphenol A in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during a six-week feeding trial
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2025 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY |
| Citation | |
| web | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166445X25003042?via%3Dihub |
| Doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107540 |
| Keywords | Haematology; Plasma biochemical indices; Oxidative stress; Endocrine disrupting compounds; Histology |
| Description | This study aimed to assess the toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF) in rainbow trout following six weeks of dietary exposure. Fish were exposed to BPA, BPF, or their combination at nominal concentrations of 10 and 1000 mu g/kg (i.e., BPA(low), BPA(high), BPFlow, BPFhigh, BPA+BPFlow). Haematological analysis revealed a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in leukocytes and lymphocytes, but only in the BPFhigh group. Plasma biochemical markers showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in creatinine in BPA(low) and elevated amylase activity in both BPF groups. Surprisingly, markers of endocrine disruption, such as vitellogenin and thyroxine, were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) only in BPFhigh and BPA+BPFlow, despite no pathological changes being observed in the gonads. Oxidative stress markers were significantly affected, with increased catalase activity (p < 0.05) in the liver, kidney, and gill across all groups. Additionally, plasma DNA damage was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in BPA(low) and BPFhigh. In contrast, significant elevations (p < 0.05) of ceruloplasmin and ferric reducing/antioxidant power were observed in the BPA+BPFlow and both BPF groups, respectively. Histological examination revealed liver congestion and dystrophy in both BPA groups, hyaline droplet degeneration in the tubular epithelial cells of the caudal kidney across all exposed groups, and deformation of gill filaments in BPA+BPFlow and both BPA groups. Our findings underscore that the increasing use of BPA analogues may pose a greater risk than the original compound in certain contexts, emphasizing the need for further studies to understand the long-term effects of bisphenol analogues, particularly at environmentally relevant concentrations and in mixtures. |