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Massive Star Formation at Supersolar Metallicities: Constraints on the Initial Mass Function

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GJERGO Eda ZHANG Zhi-Yu KROUPA Pavel SOROKIN Aleksei YAN Zhiqiang GUO Ziyi JEŘÁBKOVÁ Tereza ZONOOZI Akram Hasani HAGHI Hosein

Rok publikování 2026
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj RESEARCH IN ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Přírodovědecká fakulta

Citace
www https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-4527/ae1f79
Doi https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4527/ae1f79
Klíčová slova galaxies: star formation; methods: numerical; stars: luminosity function; stars: mass function; galaxies: luminosity function; galaxies: mass function
Popis Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Paper Massive Star Formation at Supersolar Metallicities: Constraints on the Initial Mass Function Eda Gjergo, Zhi-Yu Zhang, Pavel Kroupa, Aleksei Sorokin, Zhiqiang Yan, Ziyi Guo, Tereza Jerabkova, Akram Hasani Zonoozi and Hosein Haghi Published 17 December 2025 • © 2025. National Astronomical Observatories, CAS and IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved. Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 26, Number 2 Citation Eda Gjergo et al 2026 Res. Astron. Astrophys. 26 025003 DOI 10.1088/1674-4527/ae1f79 CSTR32081.14.RAA.ae1f79 DownloadArticle PDF Authors Figures Tables References Article metrics 54 Total downloads 11 citation on Dimensions. Permissions Get permission to re-use this article Share this article Article information Abstract Metals enhance the cooling efficiency of molecular clouds, promoting fragmentation. Consequently, increasing the metallicity may boost the formation of low-mass stars. Within the integrated galactic initial mass function (IGIMF) theory, this effect is empirically captured by a linear relation between the slope of the low-mass stellar IMF, ?1, and the metal mass fraction, Z. This linear ?1–Z relation has been calibrated up to ?2 Z?, though higher metallicity environments are known to exist. We show that if the linear ?1–Z relation extends to higher metallicities ([Z] ? 0.5), massive star formation is suppressed entirely. Alternatively, fragmentation efficiency may saturate beyond some metallicity threshold if gravitational collapse cascades rapidly enough. To model this behavior, we propose a logistic function describing the transition from metallicity-sensitive to metallicity-insensitive fragmentation regimes. We provide a user-friendly public code, pyIGIMF, which enables the instantaneous computation of the IGIMF theory with both linear and logistic ?1–Z relations.

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