Publication details
Potenciál volné cirkulující DNA v diagnostice nádorových onemocnění
| Title in English | Potential of Cell-free Circulating DNA in Diagnosis of Cancer |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2015 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Klinická onkologie |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | Oncology and hematology |
| Keywords | free DNA; tumor marker; solid tumors; hematological malignancies |
| Description | Circulating cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) is characterized as extracellular DNA that may be present in the blood of healthy individuals in low concentrations. Cf-DNA is released by apoptosis or necrosis into the bloodstream. Increased levels are found in pathological conditions, such as inflammation, autoimmune diseases, or stress. Significant increase of cf-DNA is particularly evident in patients with malignancies, especially in the advanced stages of the disease. In this case, the tumor specific cf-DNA is released by necrosis from the cells of primary tumor and metastases. Recently, many studies concentrate on the so-called 'liquid biopsies'that allow detection of circulating tumor cells and circulating nucleic acids from peripheral blood for tumor diagnostics. Quantitative methods and detection of genetic and epigenetic alternations of cf-DNA in patients with different malignancies have potential applications in molecular diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring of disease progression and response to treatment. This review focuses on potential utility of cf-DNA as a blood biomarker in selected solid tumors and hematologie malignancies. |