Publication details
Anestezie a nervosvalová onemocnění
| Title in English | Anaesthesia and neuromuscular disorders |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2018 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Česká a slovenská neurologie a neurochirurgie |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.14735/amcsnn2018501 |
| Keywords | anaesthesia; myasthenia gravis; muscular dystrophy; myotonic dystrophy; neuromuscular blockade; malignant hyperthermia |
| Description | Anaesthesia is a complex situation during the treatment of patients with neuromuscular diseases. On the one hand, concerns about breaking the fragile balance can lead to postponing of necessary interventions, but on the other hand, it can lead to serious risks with improper approaches. Myasthenia is a disease where there is no risk of malignant hyperthermia, and there is an altered sensitivity to peripheral myorelaxants. We prefer to avoid benzodiazepines as a premedication, and after the procedure we always place the patient on a monitored bed with the possibility of artificial ventilation. We do not give suxamethonium to muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy patients and do not use volatile gases due to risk of rhabdomyolysis. There is also no risk of malignant hyperthermia in this group. Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic disorder manifested by abnormal hypermetabolic response when exposed to halogenated inhalation anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane) or peripheral muscle relaxants of the depolarizing type (suxamethonium). It can rarely occur even after physical, excessive or heat stress. It is associated with electromechanical coupling and most often occurs with mutations in the ryanodine receptor, but rarely with some other mutations in the genes that are related to calcium metabolism. |