Publication details
Blokáda absorpce cholesterolu: stále nedostatečně využívaná možnost v léčbě nemocných s vysokým rizikem
| Title in English | Block absorption of cholesterol: still underused option in the treatment of patient at high risk |
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| Authors | |
| Year of publication | 2016 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | Postgraduální medicína |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| Field | Cardiovascular diseases incl. cardiosurgery |
| Keywords | simvastatin; ezetimibe; cholesterol; acute coronary syndrome |
| Description | Basic treatment of hypercholesteroleia is the use of statins. Ezetimibe data were introduced in 2013 – the Improve IT study and results from clinical trials with proprotein konvertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) are expected soon. The IMProved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial (IMPROVE-IT) is evaluating the potential benefit for reduction in major cardiovascular (CV) events from the addition of ezetimibe versus placebo to 40 mg/d of simvastatin therapy in patients who present with acute coronary syndromes and have low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ? 125 mg/dL. The primary composite end point was CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke, rehospitalisation for unstable angina (UA), and coronary revascularization (? 30 days post randomization). 18,144 patients were enrolled with either ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI, n = 5,192) or UA/non-ST-segment elevation MI (UA/NSTEMI, n = 12,952). The STEMI cohort was younger and had a higher percentage of patients naive to lipid-lowering treatment compared with the UA/NSTEMI cohort. The UA/NSTEMI group had a higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and prior MI. Myocardial infarction appeared in nondiabetics in 12.7 (S) vs 12.0 (S/E) and in u diabetics 20.8 (S) vs 16.4 (/E), p = 0.002 and for ischemic stroke nondiabetics 3.4 (S) vs 3.2 (S/E) and diabetics 6.5 (S) vs 3.8 (S/E) p = 0.031. Median LDL-C at entry was 100 mg/dL for STEMI and 93 mg/dL for UA/NSTEMI patients. Primary endpoint occurred in 2742 patients (34.7%) treated with simvastatin in monotherapy and in 2572 patients (32.7%) (p = 0.016) treated with combination. Number needed to treat was 50/7 years. The Improve IT study has shown a clear benefit from combination treatment with simvastatin and ezetimibe in patients with acute coronary syndrome and low LDL-C. |