Visual training may improve non-strabismus binocular, oculomotor and accommodative dysfunctions. Usually we use set of training, which is done under control of optometrist. We can use training with instrument (artificial space), prism lenses, anaglyph or polarized tests.
To binocular anomalies we can add exces and convergence insufficiency, anomalies of accommodation, oculomotor anomalies etc. The most common symptom of binocular disorders is asthenopia or diplopia.
These binocular anomalies should be at first treated with actual and proper spectacle correction. After that we can combine visual training with prism correction.

Results

This study deals with evaluation of binocular vision in group of young subjects without eye pathology. We examined at whole 68 subjects with average age 26 years, median 24 years. The sample was divided into two main groups. Group A contains subjects with far and near ortophoria (at whole 26 subjects = 38 %). Group B contains subjects with binocular vision disorder (at whole 42 subjects). One subject had strabismus. The most frequent non-strabismus disorder of binocular vision was convergence insufficiency (13 subjects = 19 %), simple esophoria (12 subjects = 17 %) and simple exophoria (8 subjects = 12 %). We decreased average distance heterophoria value (from 1.02 to 0.36 cm/m esophoria) and near heterophoria value (from 0.60 to 0.31 cm/m exophoria) after proper sphere-cylindrical correction. Result of our study shows that adequate and actual sphere-cylindrical correction can reduce disorder of simple binocular vision.

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