This project introduces the concept of temporal information density (TID)—the amount of
information a self-report item provides per unit of response time—as a new criterion for
evaluating psychological measurement efficiency. Focusing on commonly used response
formats (e.g., Likert scales, VAS, dichotomous), we aim to identify which formats yield the most
information most efficiently under different instructions (intuitive vs. deliberative responding).
Building on item response theory and information theory, we will develop and validate a generalizable TID index. The project includes simulations, secondary analyses of existing data,
and experimental studies comparing response scale formats and instruction styles (intuitive vs.
deliberative). A qualitative component will explore how item design and instructions affect
participant motivation and satisfaction. Findings will inform best practices for designing timeefficient, high-quality psychological measures, with implications for improving data quality and respondent experience in online research.

Sustainable Development Goals

Masaryk University is committed to the UN Sustainable Development Goals, which aim to improve the conditions and quality of life on our planet by 2030.