Publication details

Chinese tombs oriented by a compass: Evidence from paleomagnetic changes versus the age of tombs

Authors

CHARVATOVA Ivanka KLOKOCNIK Jaroslav KOLMAŠ Josef KOSTELECKY Jan

Year of publication 2011
Type Article in Periodical
Magazine / Source Studia geophysica et geodaetica
MU Faculty or unit

Faculty of Science

Citation
Web https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11200-011-0009-2
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11200-011-0009-2
Keywords Chinese tombs ("pyramids"); magnetic compass; paleomagnetic declination; Fuson hypothesis
Description Extant written records indicate that knowledge of an ancient type of compass in China is very old - dating back to before the Han dynasty (206 BC-220 AD) to at least the 4th century BC. Geomancy (feng shui) was practised for a long time (for millenia) and had a profound influence on the face of China's landscape and city plans. The tombs (pyramids) near the former Chinese capital cities of Xi'an and Luoyang (together with their suburban fields and roads) show strong spatial orientations, sometimes along a basic South-North axis (relative to the geographic pole), but usually with deviations of several degrees to the East or West. The use of the compass means that the needle was directed towards the actual magnetic pole at the time of construction, or last reconstruction, of the respective tomb. However the magnetic pole, relative to the nearly 'fixed' geographic pole, shifts significantly over time. By matching paleomagnetic observations with modeled paleomagnetic history we have identified the date of pyramid construction in central China with the orientation relative to the magnetic pole positions at the respective time of construction. As in Mesoamerica, where according to the Fuson hypothesis the Olm,cs and Maya oriented their ceremonial buildings and pyramids using a compass even before the Chinese, here in central China the same technique may have been used. We found a good agreement of trends between the paleodeclinations observed from tomb aligments and the available global geomagnetic field model CALS7K.2.

You are running an old browser version. We recommend updating your browser to its latest version.

More info