Publication details
Comprehensive analysis of spray drying process variables to improve microparticle properties for effective lung delivery
| Authors | |
|---|---|
| Year of publication | 2025 |
| Type | Article in Periodical |
| Magazine / Source | JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
| Citation | |
| web | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1773224725005702?via%3Dihub |
| Doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2025.107167 |
| Keywords | Microparticles; Spray drying; Inhalation; Aerodynamic diameter; Process parameters; Design of experiment |
| Description | Inhalation offers several benefits over conventional routes of drug delivery, including rapid onset of action, reduced systemic side effects, and improved patient compliance. A crucial role in pulmonary drug delivery has the aerodynamic diameter of applied particles, influencing their behavior and deposition in the respiratory tract. Precise control of this parameter through spray drying conditions is essential for efficient drug delivery. This study employed a design of experiments approach to investigate how spray drying parameters influence the properties of microparticles for pulmonary delivery. Microparticles were evaluated for the most important properties, such as aerodynamic and geometric diameter, geometric standard deviation, and fine particle fraction, using an aerodynamic particle spectrometer and laser diffraction. Their morphology was assessed from SEM images. Initially, the effects of drying temperature, pump speed, and air flow rate were examined, followed by an assessment of nozzle diameter. The significance of the individual factors was determined using ANOVA, supported by visualization techniques, such as box and whisker plots and interaction plots. This integrated approach comprehensively evaluated the effects and interactions of spray drying variables. It highlighted the study's novelty in systematically examining and quantifying the impact of these parameters on microparticle properties. Particles with a lower MMAD (4.91 +/- 0.17 mu m) and higher FPF (52.20 +/- 3.69 %) were achieved by increasing air flow rate, reducing pump speed, and using a smaller nozzle diameter. The findings are significant for advancing the field of pulmonary drug delivery by offering new insights into optimizing spray drying processes for the preparation of microparticles with tuned properties connected to improved therapeutic efficacy. |