Publication details
A Conceptual Framework for Investigating the Mechanisms of Feedback
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| Year of publication | 2026 |
| Type | Appeared in Conference without Proceedings |
| MU Faculty or unit | |
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| Description | Routine outcome monitoring and feedback systems have become a prominent area of psychotherapy research. While meta-analyses have consistently demonstrated the overall effectiveness of feedback, the specific components and mechanisms behind these effects remain unclear. This article aims to lay the foundations for programmatic research focused on how systematic feedback works. Existing theoretical models and empirical evidence were examined to propose a comprehensive conceptual framework for conducting studies on feedback in psychotherapy. The proposed framework outlines the main components in feedback process: routine outcome monitoring system features that may facilitate some ways of use and not other, therapists’ and clients’ engagement with feedback, interpretation of the feedback information, therapists’ cognitive and emotional response to feedback, therapeutic interventions influenced by feedback, activation of psychological change mechanisms, and treatment outcomes. It also specifies potential therapist-, client-, treatment-, and institution-related factors and summarizes variables that already received some empirical support or have been theorized to play important role in the feedback process. This framework provides a roadmap for future research and enables researchers to design studies and formulate testable hypotheses on feedback effects and mechanisms. |
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