Informace o publikaci
THE IMPLICATIONS OF RESPIRATORY MUSCLE TRAINING IN PROFESSIONAL ATHLETES
| Autoři | |
|---|---|
| Rok publikování | 2017 |
| Druh | Článek ve sborníku |
| Konference | 11th International conferenc on Kinantropology |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| Klíčová slova | Respiratory training; breathing pattern; breathing device; sport training |
| Popis | Lately, the practical use of the respiratory muscle training (RMT) within specific sports or other therapeutical interventions is on a rise, however sometimes it might not get used correctly and purposefully in practice. Incorrect use of the breathing devices could lead into development of a functional impairment of the movement system or to a build-up of further problems onto a present one. Human body works as a single unit and therefore the breathing retraining should not be impacted on separately or just with an aim to improve lung functions. Respiratory muscles have the same physiology like any other peripheral muscles. The effect of the RMT impacts on muscle fatigue reduction, which is a frequently discussed topic among doctors specializing in respiratory medicine, allergology and sports medicine as well as among physiotherapists. The main reasons favouring implementation of the RMT intervention into athlete’s training are improved exercise tolerance, reduction in exertional breathlessness, reduction of fatigue and therefore an overall enhancement of athlete’s performance. Respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP), lung function testing (VC, PEF and FEV1) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (VO2max) are the most commonly tested parameters. The RMT could be included into athlete’s training to improve the general fitness, but also to increase the performance during sports-specific physical tasks. The RMT usually starts with an optimalization of the breathing pattern that can be achieved with the use of soft- tissue techniques. The common clinical findings at baseline are hyperinflated chest due to accessory breathing muscle overuse and restricted chest expansions mainly over the lower part of the rib cage (over xyphoid processus). Although inspiratory muscle training (IMT) could result in significant improvements of the lung functions, the expiratory muscle training (EMT) should not be omitted. Focus on the expiratory muscles will help to achieve the ideal position of chest before the inspiration is initiated and therefore the use of accessory breathing muscles for inspiration will be minimized. The RMT is beneficial not only in individuals with chronic respiratory condition, but also in professional athletes. Approximately 7% athletes suffer on bronchial asthma or allergy- related breathing problems. Therefore an individually tailored treatment plan should be agreed on and incorporated into athlete’s training routine by a multidisciplinary team involving the respiratory specialist, physiotherapist, athlete’s coach, clinical psychologist and dietitian. Case study: professional athlete (age 19) underwent RMT 5 times a week over a period of 5 months. Treatment plan included IMT and EMT implemented into various postural- demanding positions. The treatment objective wasn’t just an increase in exercise tolerance, but also a correction of muscle imbalances and further prevention of a chronic muscle overload due to sport-related activities. In our case study, the intervention led to gradual pain relief in shoulder girdle and sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Cardiorespiratory exercise testing showed increased exercised tolerance (VO2max) from 33 ml/kg/min at the baseline to 41.3 ml/kg/min at the discharge and increased power output from 3.5 W/kg at the baseline to 4.36 W/kg at the discharge. |