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Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients Needing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Following a Critical Course of COVID-19

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GENZOR Samuel POBEHA Pavol SIMEK Martin JAKUBEC Petr MIZERA Jan VYKOPAL Martin SOVA Milan VANEK Jakub PRASKO Jan

Rok publikování 2023
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj LIFE-BASEL
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Lékařská fakulta

Citace
www https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/4/1054
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13041054
Klíčová slova ECMO; COVID-19; long-term outcome
Popis Introduction: Severe respiratory failure is one of the most serious complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a small proportion of patients, mechanical ventilation fails to provide adequate oxygenation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is needed. The surviving individuals need long-term follow-up as it is not clear what their prognosis is. Aim: To provide a complex clinical picture of patients during follow-up exceeding one year after the ECMO therapy due to severe COVID-19. Methods: All subjects involved in the study required ECMO in the acute stage of COVID-19. The survivors were followed-up for over one year at a specialized respiratory medical center. Results: Of the 41 patients indicated for ECMO, 17 patients (64.7% males) survived. The average age of survivors was 47.8 years, and the average BMI was 34.7 kg center dot m(-2). The duration of ECMO support was 9.4 days. A mild decrease in vital capacity (VC) and transfer factor (DLCO) was observed on the initial follow-up visit (82.1% and 60%, respectively). VC improved by 6.2% and by an additional 7.5% after 6 months and 1 year, respectively. DLCO improved by 21.1% after 6 months and remained stable after 1 year. Post-intensive care consequences included psychological problems and neurological impairment in 29% of patients; 64.7% of the survivors got vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 within 12 months of hospitalization and 17.6% experienced reinfection with a mild course. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the need for ECMO. Patients' quality of life after ECMO is temporarily significantly reduced but most patients do not experience permanent disability.

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