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Celiac Disease: Promising Biomarkers for Follow-Up

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HRUNKA Matěj JANDA Lubomír ŠŤASTNÁ Michaela PINKASOVÁ Tereza PECL Jakub KUNOVSKÝ Lumír DÍTĚ Petr JABANDŽIEV Petr

Rok publikování 2023
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj Journal of gastrointestinal and liver diseases : JGLD
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Lékařská fakulta

Citace
www https://jgld.ro/jgld/index.php/jgld/article/view/4926
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.15403/JGLD-4926
Klíčová slova celiac disease; novel biomarkers; microRNAs; gluten immunogenic peptide; citrulline; IgA deficiency
Popis Celiac disease is a common gastroenterological illness. Current diagnostics of the disease are based on serological markers and histology of duodenal biopsies. Hitherto, a strict gluten-free diet is the only effective treatment and is necessary for good control of the disease. Serological tests in current use have very high specificity and sensitivity for diagnostics, but in follow-up they have some limitations. Their levels do not accurately reflect mucosal healing, and they are unable to detect minimal transgressions in the diet. This problem is significant in patients with IgA deficiency, and there exist no robust follow-up tools for monitoring these patients’ adherence to treatment. For their follow-up, we currently use IgG-based tests, and these antibodies persist for a long time even when a patient has stopped consuming gluten. More accurate and specific biomarkers are definitely needed. Adherence to a gluten-free diet is essential not only for intestinal mucosa healing and alleviation of symptoms but also for preventing complications associated with celiac disease. Here, we summarize current evidence regarding noninvasive biomarkers potentially useful for follow-up not only of patients with IgA deficiency but for all patients with celiac disease. We describe several very promising biomarkers with potential to be part of clinical practice in the near future.

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