Informace o publikaci

Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

Autoři	SHEETIKOV Saveliy A. KHMELEVSKAYA Alexandra A. ZORNIKOVA Ksenia V. ZVYAGIN Ivan V. SHOMURADOVA Alina S. SERDYUK Yana V. SHAKIROVA Naina T. PESHKOVA Iuliia O. TITOV Aleksei ROMANIUK Dmitrii S. SHAGINA Irina A. CHUDAKOV Dmitriy KIRYUKHIN Dmitry O. SHCHERBAKOVA Olga V. KHAMAGANOVA Ekaterina G. DZUTSEVA Vitalina AFANASIEV Andrei BOGOLYUBOVA Apollinariya V. EFIMOV Grigory A.
Rok publikování	2024
Druh	Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj	Frontiers in immunology
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU	Středoevropský technologický institut
Citace
www	https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436/full
Doi	https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436
Klíčová slova	T cell; vaccination; SARS-CoV-2; adenoviral vaccine; T cell receptor; spike protein; TCR sequencing
Popis	Adenovirus vaccines, particularly the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenovirus vaccine, have emerged as promising tools in the fight against infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated the structure of the T cell response to the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus used in the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine in a phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04540419). In 69 participants, we collected peripheral blood samples at four time points after vaccination or placebo injection. Sequencing of T cell receptor repertoires from Spike-stimulated T cell cultures at day 14 from 17 vaccinated revealed a more diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire compared to CD8+. Nevertheless, CD8+ clonotypes accounted for more than half of the Spike-specific repertoire. Our longitudinal analysis showed a peak T cell response at day 14, followed by a decline until month 6. Remarkably, multiple T cell clonotypes persisted for at least 6 months after vaccination, as demonstrated by ex vivo stimulation. Examination of CDR3 regions revealed homologous sequences in both CD4+ and CD8+ clonotypes, with major CD8+ clonotypes sharing high similarity with annotated sequences specific for the NYNYLYRLF peptide, suggesting potential immunodominance. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the immunogenicity of the Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine and highlights its ability to induce robust and durable T cell responses. These findings provide valuable insight into the efficacy of the vaccine against COVID-19 and provide critical information for ongoing efforts to control infectious diseases.