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Self-Compassion Around the World: Measurement Invariance of the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, and Age Groups

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SWAMI Viren TRAN Ulrich S VORACEK Martin AAVIK Toivo RANJBAR Hamed Abdollahpour ADEBAYO Sulaiman Olanrewaju AFHAMI Reza AHMED Oli AIMÉ Annie AKEL Marwan HALBUSI Hussam Al ALEXIAS George ALI Khawla F ALP-DAL Nursel ALSALHANI Anas B ÁLVAREZ-SOLAS Sara AMARAL Ana Carolina Soares ANDRIANTO Sonny ASPDEN Trefor ARGYRIDES Marios ARUTA John Jamir Benzon R ATKIN Stephen AYANDELE Olusola BACEVICIENE Migle BAHBOUH Radvan BALLESIO Andrea BARRON David BELLARD Ashleigh BENDER Sóley Sesselja BEYDAG Kerime Derya BIROVLJEVIĆ Gorana MARIE-EVE Blackburn BORJA-ALVAREZ Teresita BOROWIEC Joanna BOZOGÁŇOVÁ Miroslava BRATLAND-SANDA Solfrid BROWNING Matthew H E M BRYTEK-MATERA Anna BURAKOVA Marina ÇAKIR-KOÇAK Yeliz CAMACHO Pablo CAMILLERI Vittorio Emanuele CAZZATO Valentina CEREA Silvia CHAIWUTIKORNWANICH Apitchaya CHALEERAKTRAKOON Trawin CHAMBERS Tim QING-WEI Chen CHEN Xin CHIN-LUNG Chien CHOBTHAMKIT Phatthanakit CHOOMPUNUCH Bovornpot COMPTE Emilio J CORRIGAN Jennifer COSMAS Getrude COWDEN Richard G CZEPCZOR-BERNAT Kamila CZUB Marcin SILVA Wanderson Roberto da DADFAR Mahboubeh DALLEY Simon E DANY Lionel DATU Jesus Alfonso D CARVALHO Pedro Henrique Berbert de COELHO Gabriel Lins de Holanda JESUS Avila Odia S De DEBBABI Sonia Harzallah DHAKAL Sandesh BERNARDO Francesca Di DIMITROVA Donka D DION Jacinthe DIXSON Barnaby DONOFRIO Stacey M DRYSCH Marius DU Hongfei DZHAMBOV Angel M EL-JOR Claire ENEA Violeta ESKIN Mehmet FARBOD Farinaz FARRUGIA Lorleen FIAN Leonie FISHER Maryanne L FOLWARCZNY Michał FREDERICK David A FULLER-TYSZKIEWICZ Matthew FURNHAM Adrian GARCÍA Antonio Alías GELLER Shulamit GHISI Marta GHORBANI Alireza MARTINEZ Maria Angeles Gomez GRADIDGE Sarah GRAF Sylvie GRANO Caterina GYENE Gyöngyvér HALLIT Souheil HAMDAN Motasem HANDELZALTS Jonathan E HANEL Paul H P HAWKS Steven R HEKMATI Issa HELMY Mai HILL Tetiana HINA Farah HOLENWEGER Geraldine HŘEBÍČKOVÁ Martina IJABADENIYI Olasupo Augustine IMAM Asma INCE Başak IRRAZABAL Natalia JANKAUSKIENE Rasa DING-YU Jiang JIMÉNEZ-BORJA Micaela JIMÉNEZ-BORJA Verónica JOHNSON Evan M JOVANOVIĆ Veljko JOVIĆ Marija JOVIĆ Marko JUNQUEIRA Alessandra Costa Pereira LISA-MARIE Kahle KANTANISTA Adam KARAKIRAZ Ahmet KARKIN Ayşe Nur KASTEN Erich KHATIB Salam KHIEOWAN Nuannut KIMONG Patricia Joseph KIROPOULOS Litza KNITTEL Joshua KOHLI Neena KOPRIVNIK Mirjam KOSPAKOV Aituar KRÓL-ZIELIŃSKA Magdalena KRUG Isabel KUAN Garry KUEH Yee Cheng KUJAN Omar KUKIĆ Miljana KUMAR Sanjay KUMAR Vipul LAMBA Nishtha LAURI Mary Anne LAUS Maria Fernanda LEBLANC Liza April LEE Hyejoo J LIPOWSKA Małgorzata LIPOWSKI Mariusz LOMBARDO Caterina LUKÁCS Andrea MAIANO Christophe MALIK Sadia MANJARY Mandar BALDÓ Lidia Márquez MARTINEZ-BANFI Martha MASSAR Karlijn MATERA Camilla MCANIRLIN Olivia MEBARAK Moisés MECHRI Anwar MEIRELES Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras MESKO Norbert MILLS Jacqueline MIYAIRI Maya MODI Ritu MODRZEJEWSKA Adriana MODRZEJEWSKA Justyna MULGREW Kate E MYERS Taryn A NAMATAME Hikari NASSANI Mohammad Zakaria NERINI Amanda NETO Félix NETO Joana NEVES Angela Noguiera SIU-KUEN Ng NITHIYA Devi JIAQING O OBEID Sahar ODA-MONTECINOS Camila OLAPEGBA Peter Olamakinde OLONISAKIN Tosin Tunrayo OMAR Salma Samir ÖRLYGSDÓTTIR Brynja ÖZSOY Emrah OTTERBRING Tobias PAHL Sabine PANASITI Maria Serena PARK Yonguk PATWARY Muhammad Mainuddin PETHÖ Tatiana PETROVA Nadezhda PIETSCHNIG Jakob POURMAHMOUD Sadaf PRABHU Vishnunarayan Girishan POŠTUVAN Vita PROKOP Pavol WINTER Virginia L Ramseyer RAZMUS Magdalena RU Taotao RUPAR Mirjana SAHLAN Reza N HASSAN Mohammad Salah ŠALOV Anđela SAPKOTA Saphal SARFO Jacob Owusu SAWAMIYA Yoko SCHAEFER Katrin SCHULTE-MECKLENBECK Michael SEEKIS Veya SELVI Kerim SHARIFI Mehdi SHRIVASTAVA Anita SIDDIQUE Rumana Ferdousi SIGURDSSON Valdimar SILKANE Vineta ŠIMUNIĆ Ana SINGH Govind SLEZÁČKOVÁ Alena SUNDGOT-BORGEN Christine HOOR Gill Ten TEVICHAPONG Passagorn TIPANDJAN Arun TODD Jennifer TOGAS Constantinos TONINI Fernando TOVAR-CASTRO Juan Camilo TRANGSRUD Lise Katrine Jepsen TRIPATHI Pankaj TUDOREL Otilia TYLKA Tracy L UYZBAYEVA Anar VALLY Zahir VANAGS Edmunds VEGA Luis Diego VICENTE-ARRUEBARRENA Aitor VIDAL-MOLLÓN Jose VILAR Roosevelt VILLEGAS Hyxia VINTILĂ Mona WALLNER Christoph WHITE Mathew P WHITEBRIDGE Simon WINDHAGER Sonja WONG Kah Yan YAU Eric Kenson YAMAMIYA Yuko YEUNG Victoria Wai Lan ZANETTI Marcelo Callegari ZAWISZA Magdalena ZEENI Nadine ZVARÍKOVÁ Martina STIEGER Stefan

Rok publikování 2025
Druh Článek v odborném periodiku
Časopis / Zdroj Mindfulness
Fakulta / Pracoviště MU

Lékařská fakulta

Citace
www https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12671-025-02560-5
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-025-02560-5
Klíčová slova Self-Compassion Scale; Short Form; Measurement invariance; Cross-cultural; Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA)
Popis Objectives The 12-item Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS–SF) is a widely used instrument for the assessment of self-compassion. To date, there have been few examinations of this instrument’s psychometric properties, particularly across nations and languages. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS) to assess measurement invariance of the SCS–SF across nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Methods Participants (N?=?56,968) from 65 nations completed the SCS–SF in 40 languages. Using these data, we tested various hypothesised models of the SCS–SF in the total sample and, using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, tested for invariance of the optimal model across national groups, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Results In the total dataset, we found that an 11-item, 2-factor model (i.e., SCS-11) provided best fit to the data, with the two factors tapping distinct constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. The SCS-11 was found to be partially scalar invariant across national groups and languages, and fully scalar invariant across gender identities and age groups. There was wide variation in latent means for the two factors, particularly across national groups and languages. Further analyses showed negligible associations between the two factors and sociodemographic variables, including marital status, financial security, and urbanicity. Conclusions Our results suggest that it may be possible to derive a stable 2-factor model of the SCS–SF for use in cross-cultural research, but also highlight the likelihood of cross-national and cross-linguistic variations in the way that self-compassion is understood.

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