Informace o publikaci
Spatiotemporal mapping of bone remodeling: Effects of physical activity and mechanical unloading
| Autoři | |
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| Rok publikování | 2025 |
| Druh | Konferenční abstrakty |
| Fakulta / Pracoviště MU | |
| Citace | |
| Popis | Bone is a dynamic tissue that undergoes continuous process of resorption and deposition—bone remodeling. It is regulated not only by metabolic demands such as calcium and phosphorus physiological balance, but importantly also by current mechanical needs. During development and adulthood, mechanical loading plays a key role in shaping bone structure, function, and adaptation. Conversely, mechanical unloading—such as that occurring during injury, aging, or prolonged bed rest—can disrupt this balance, compromising bone quality and skeletal health. While the effects of mechanical forces and structured physical training on bone turnover have been previously studied, spatiotemporal dynamics remain poorly understood. To address this, we investigated how reduced mechanical load and targeted physical activity influence bone properties, morphology, and remodeling dynamics in adult female Wistar rats. We implemented a complex experimental design incorporating endurance (weight-bearing) and resistance (treadmill) training, followed by hindlimb unloading and partial weight-bearing to mimic mechanical disuse. In vivo assessments included training performance and body composition via echo MRI. To capture remodeling in space and time, we applied the BEE-ST (Bones and tEEth Spatio-Temporal growth monitoring) approach on femur, humerus, and calvaria. This was complemented by high-resolution micro-computed tomography (µCT) for morphometric and mechanical evaluation, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to assess elemental composition shifts. Our results show that preconditioning through physical training significantly mitigates the effects of unloading, preserving bone density, morphology, and load-bearing capacity. Notably, trained animals could support up to three times their body weight, with this capacity declining post-unloading. Moreover, unloading alone led to a marked increase in resorption. This study highlights the role of activity-dependent skeletal adaptation and, for the first time, maps the spatiotemporal dynamics of bone remodeling in response to mechanical alternations. These findings also underscore the potential of this approach for investigating bone development and plasticity. |
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